Sanitation
1.039 KM OF SEWAGE NETWORK
The network, which ensures the treatment and elevation of wastewater across almost the entire municipality of Braga, consists of 15 treatment systems, 16 wastewater treatment plants (ETARs), and 38 pumping stations.
The treatment is biological at 16 wastewater treatment plants (ETARs), meaning it is carried out using activated sludge and varies in configuration depending on the number of residents served, the level of treatment required, and the quality of the wastewater being treated.
With a substantial increase in the resident population and a consequent rise in the volume of wastewater to be treated, construction of the Vale do Este Wastewater Treatment Plant (ETAR) will soon commence. This infrastructure will help alleviate the overload experienced at some treatment plants and enhance both the capacity and quality of the service provided.
Facts and Figures
POPULATION SERVED
199 162 hab
Number of Systems
15
Sewerage Service Accessibility Rate
100%
Sewerage Network of the Municipality
1 039 km
Number of Sewerage Systems
4 Activated Sludge
2 Oxidation Ditches
3 Lagooning
6 Type Beta
Number of pumping stations
39
Four
facilities achieve tertiary treatment or disinfection by ultraviolet, with reuse of treated water as service water
Treatments
The wastewater treatment process includes 4 stages of treatment: Preliminary, Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary.
Preliminary and Primary Treatment
In the initial stages, suspended solids of various sizes are removed through physical separation processes. Food scraps, wipes, toilet paper, cotton, and cotton swabs, among other items, are removed during the screening or filtration stages. Sands and smaller particles are separated through sedimentation processes. The sedimented fraction in primary settling forms what is known as primary sludge, which is directed to the sludge treatment line.
Secondary Treatment
In secondary treatment, wastewater is initially subjected to biological treatment, where bacteria degrade the dissolved organic matter present. Subsequently, the biological sludge formed during this process is separated through sedimentation in the secondary clarifier. The sludge is then directed to the sludge treatment process, while the treated effluent is discharged through a surface channel and sent to the final stage.
Tertiary Treatment
In the final stage, the wastewater is subjected to disinfection using ultraviolet (UV) radiation before being returned to the environment. A portion of this treated wastewater undergoes a second disinfection stage, which provides a level of microbiological quality that allows for its reuse for purposes such as irrigating green spaces, washing cars, and cleaning pavements, among others.
The sludge, after proper treatment, is destined for agriculture. It serves as a fertilizer or for energy recovery – as fuel.
What are sewage waters?
The Wastewater Treatment Plant is responsible for receiving, treating wastewater, and returning it to the environment in environmentally safe conditions.
Improper Discharges
Daily, we face numerous challenges caused by blockages and obstructions in our
collectors and in WWTPs (Wastewater Treatment Plants) due to the influx of solid waste present in the wastewater.
Wet wipes, cotton swabs, condoms, cotton, and hair are very difficult to treat and can even cause blockages in the pipes.
The proper place for these waste items is the trash bin.
Liquid food scraps and frying fats (oil and grease) stick to pipes because they do not dissolve, making water treatment much more difficult. They should be stored in proper containers or empty bottles, securely closed, and then delivered to or deposited at the appropriate collection points.
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